Excellent quotes for defining key topics like group cognition, common ground, CSCL, and some psychology references (Vygotsky)
see Author's hypotheses at end of paper
Question: Educational games (w/ group activities) -> positive outcome on learning (because of author's hypothesis- that group activity can be designed where group knowledge / learning is significantly higher than individual learning)
This question also assumes some internalization phase at the end- that the group knowledge gets turned into individual knowledge. How 'true' is this?
The author outlined supporting research for group cognition. Some of the authors / topics leading up to it are:
- Vygotsky: social conception of development
- Hutchins: distributed cognition
- Suchman: situated action
- Lave / Wenger: situated learning
- Stahl: group cognition (meaning is constructed in group collaboration, which is then subject to individual interpretation)
shared knowledge is: produced; negotiated; distributed; internalized
hardest part of shared knowledge / group cognition: by habit, we always associate learning on the individual level first (private property, done in isolation)
shared knowledge, for our purposes, needs to be defined as something "interactively achieved in discourse and may not be attributable as originating from any particular individual." (p.81)
- group cognition: meaning is constructed in group collaboration, which is then subject to individual interpretation
- shared knowledge: something "interactively achieved in discourse and may not be attributable as originating from any particular individual." (p.81)
see paper (circled)
p. 81- discussing 3 types of shared knowledge- see quote above for the 3rd one (what we take / use)